Everything about Otelo Saraiva De Carvalho totally explained
Otelo Nuno Romão Saraiva de Carvalho,
GCL (
August 31,
1936 - ), formerly a military officer, was the chief
strategist of the
Carnation Revolution in
Portugal.
Biography
Otelo Saraiva de Carvalho was born in
Lourenço Marques, now
Maputo,
Mozambique. Named by his theater-minded parents after
Shakespeare's
Othello, he'd his secondary education at a state school in Maputo. His father was a civil servant and his mother a railway clerk. He entered the
Military Academy in
Lisbon at the age of nineteen.
Carvalho spent many years in the colonial wars in
Africa. He served in
Angola from
1961 to
1963 as a
second lieutenant, and as a
captain from
1965 to
1967. He was posted to
Guinea-Bissau in 1970 as a captain, under General
António de Spínola, in charge of civilian affairs and propaganda ('
Hearts and Minds').
He joined the underground
Movement of Armed Forces (Movimento das Forças Armadas - MFA), which carried out a
coup d'état on
April 25,
1974 in which he played a directing role. Carvalho was part of
National Salvation Junta that governed the country after the
Carnation Revolution, as the upheaval came to be called.
In July
1974 Carvalho was made a
Brigadier and placed in command of the special military Command for the Continent
COPCON, which was set up to secure order in the country and to promote the revolutionary process. In
1975, infighting in the MFA intensified with Carvalho representing the left-wing of the movement. A right-wing
putsch attempt, led by Spinola, was thwarted by the timely intervention of COPCON in March
1975. He became part of the Council of the Revolution which was created On
March 14,
1975. In May
1975, he was temporarily promoted to
General and, together with
Costa Gomes and
Vasco Gonçalves, formed the
Directório (Directorate).
On
November 25,
1975 the
Portuguese Communist Party and its armed branch allegedly tried to seize control of the country. Otelo is said to have orchestrated this coup. Some of the military under Otelo's orders took control of three Air Force bases. The right-wing of the army used this as pretext to launch a counter-revolution, which brought
António Ramalho Eanes to power. It is also implied that the coup didn't work because Carvalho didn't support the military. This is the reason for why the Communists still today hate Carvalho. They believe that Portugal didn't became a communist nation because of this.
In
1976 and
1980 Carvalho unsuccessfully stood as a candidate for president against Eanes. In
1982 he was recalled to the army, since it was shown that his discharge had been politically motivated. In
1984 he was arrested and accused of contact with or membership of the
terrorist group
Popular Forces 25 April (FP-25 Abril) (Portuguese:Forças Populares 25 de Abril), which claimed a number of robberies and
murders in Portugal in the following years. His trial was controversial and his allies assumed it to be motivated by revenge. In
1989, he was amnestied and a resumption of the procedure was struck down because of a legal imbroglio. Since then, he's been a small-businessmen trading
arms and other military material with a number of
African countries.
Quotes
Carvalho once said: "We should have gathered some thousands fascists in Campo Pequeno (a bull's fight arena), and eliminate them. That would end the counter-revolution."
Carvalho is still an
icon for activists of the left in Portugal, and is hated by many people who consider him a terrorist who tried to seize the country to become Europe's
Fidel Castro.
Presidential Elections of 27 June 1976
Portuguese Presidential Election, 1976 - First Round (June 27)
| Candidate |
Party |
Votes |
% |
| António Ramalho Eanes |
Independent |
2,967,137 |
60.8% |
| Otelo Saraiva de Carvalho |
Independent |
792,760 |
16.2% |
| Pinheiro de Azevedo |
Independent |
692,147 |
14.2% |
| Octávio Pato |
PCP |
365,586 |
07.5% |
| Invalid Ballots |
|
43,242 |
00.9% |
| Blank Ballots |
|
20,253 |
00.4% |
Total:
|
|
4,881,125 |
- |
- Registered voters: 6,467,480
- Turnout: 75.47%
(Source: Portuguese Electoral Commission
)
Portuguese Presidential Election, 1980 - First Round (December 7)
| Candidate |
Party |
Vote |
Percent |
| Ramalho Eanes |
Independent |
3,262,520 |
55.9% |
| Soares Carneiro |
PSD |
2,325,481 |
39.8% |
| Otelo Saraiva de Carvalho |
Left-Wing Independent |
85,896 |
1.5% |
| Carlos Galvão de Melo |
Right-Wing Independent |
48,468 |
0.8% |
| António Pires Veloso |
Independent |
45,132 |
0.8% |
| Aires Rodrigues |
POUS |
12,745 |
0.2% |
| Carlos Brito |
PCP (left the race) |
0 |
0.0% |
| Invalid Ballots |
|
44,014 |
0.8% |
| Blank Ballots |
|
16,076 |
0.3% |
|
Total:
|
5,840,332 |
- |
Registered Voters: 6,920,869
Turnout: 84.39%
(Source: Portuguese Electoral Commission)Further Information
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